For reporting year (RY) 2013, over 8,000 facilities and suppliers reported to the greenhouse gas reporting program (GHGRP). Among these reporters,

• 7,879 facilities in nine industry sectors reported direct emissions
• Reported direct emissions totaled 3.18 billion metric tons carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e), about half of total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions.
• 965 suppliers reported
• 92 facilities reported injecting CO₂ underground

Summary GHGRP data has been broken into several sections. Click the links below to expand each section.

• Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program Background

  As directed by Congress, EPA’s Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP) collects annual greenhouse gas information from the top emitting sectors of the U.S. economy (Table 1). The GHGRP is the only dataset containing facility-level greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions data from large industrial sources across the United States. With four years of reporting for most sectors, GHGRP data are providing important new information on industrial emissions—showing variation in emissions across facilities within an industry, variation in industrial emissions across geographic areas, and changes in emissions over time at the sector and facility level. EPA is using this facility-level data to improve estimates of national greenhouse gas emissions, including using it to improve the U.S. Greenhouse Gas Inventory. The data are also being used to inform regulatory actions and voluntary emission reduction efforts.

  This document summarizes national industrial sector emissions and trends.

  Table 1: GHGRP Sector Classifications

  Industry Sector	Number of Reporters	Emissions (million metric tons CO2e)
  Power Plants	1,572	2,100.9
  Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems	2,164	224.1
  • Onshore Petroleum & Nat. Gas Prod.	503	94.8
  • Offshore Petroleum & Nat. Gas Prod.	107	6.2
  • Natural Gas Processing	433	59.0
  • Natural Gas Trans./Compression	487	22.7
  • Underground Natural Gas Storage	48	1.3
  • Natural Gas Local Distribution Co.	173	15.1
  • Liquefied Natural Gas Imp./Exp. Eq.	8	0.4
  • Liquefied Natural Gas Storage	5	**
  • Other Petroleum & Nat. Gas Systems	415	24.6
  Refineries	145	176.7
  Chemicals	473	174.6
  Non-Fluorinated Chemicals
  • Adipic Acid Production	3	5.8
  • Ammonia Manufacturing	23	25.1
  • Hydrogen Production	109	41.9
  • Nitric Acid Production	35	10.9
  • Petrochemical Production	65	52.7
  • Phosphoric Acid Production	12	1.8
  • Silicon Carbide Production	1	0.1
  • Titanium Dioxide Production	7	2.4
  • Other Chemicals Production	226	20.6
  Fluorinated Chemicals
  • Fluorinated GHG Production	16	9.4
  • HCFC-22 Prod./HFC-23 Dest.	4	4.1
  Waste	1,611	114.0
  • Industrial Waste Landfills	174	8.6
  • Municipal Landfills	1,220	93.0
  • Solid Waste Combustion	68	10.0
  • Industrial Wastewater Treatment	155	2.5
  Metals	296	106.8
  • Aluminum Production	11	6.8
  • Ferroalloy Production	10	2.3
  • Iron and Steel Production	126	84.2
  • Lead Production	13	1.0
  • Magnesium Production	9	1.4
  • Zinc Production	6	0.9
  • Other Metals Production	122	10.2
  Minerals	376	111.3
  • Cement Production	96	62.8
  • Glass Production	109	8.2
  • Lime Manufacturing	75	30.7
  • Soda Ash Manufacturing	4	5.3
  • Other Minerals	94	4.0
  Pulp and Paper	233	39.1
  • Pulp and Paper Manufacturing	110	27.3
  • Other Paper Producers	123	11.8
  Other	1,399	136.9
  • Food Processing	322	30.8
  • Ethanol Production	163	17.1
  • Manufacturing	291	16.7
  • Universities	112	9.2
  • Military	43	2.5
  • Other Combustion	170	11.1
  • Underground Coal Mines	118	41.5
  • Electronics Manufacturing	53	4.5
  • Electrical Equipment Manufacturers	6	0.2
  • Electrical Equipment Use	121	3.3

  ^a The data presented here reflects data reported to the GHGRP as of 08/18/2014.
  ^bBiogenic emissions are NOT included in the total emissions.
  ** Total reported emissions are less than 0.05 million metric tons CO₂e.

  The GHGRP does not represent total U.S. GHG emissions, but provides facility level data for large sources of direct emissions, thus representing the majority of U.S. GHG emissions. The GHGRP data collected from direct emitters represent about half of all U.S. emissions. When including greenhouse gas information reported to the GHGRP by suppliers, emissions coverage reaches approximately 85–90% (See Figure 1). The Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012 contains information on all GHG emissions sources and sinks in the United States.

  Learn more about the differences between the Inventory and the GHGRP.

  Figure 1: U.S. Greenhouse Gas Inventory and the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program

  

  Suppliers report the quantity of GHGs that would be emitted if the fuels and industrial GHGs that they place into the economy each year are used/released. Reporting by suppliers helps account for the greenhouse gas emissions by the numerous low-emitting sources that are not required to report emissions under the GHGRP (e.g., mobile sources, residential sources). Learn more about suppliers and their 2013 reported data.

  Table 2: Overview of GHG Data Reported (2013)
  Direct emitters
  Number of facilities reporting	7,879
  Reported direct emissions (billion metric tons CO2e)	3.18
  Suppliers of fuel and industrial gases
  Number of suppliers	965
  Underground injection of carbon dioxide
  Number of carbon dioxide injection facilities	92

• Who reports?

  For 2013, 7,865 direct emitters submitted a GHG report. The Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems sector had the largest number of reporting facilities, followed by the Waste Sector and the Power Plants Sector. Among suppliers, Suppliers of Natural Gas and Natural Gas Liquids had the largest number of reporting facilities.

  Table 3: Number of Direct Emitters that Reported (2013)
  Industry Sector	Number of Reporters1
  Power Plants	1,572
  Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems	2,164
  Refineries	145
  Chemicals	473
  • Fluorinated Chemicals	16
  • Non-fluorinated Chemicals	457
  Waste	1,611
  Metals	296
  Minerals	376
  Pulp and Paper	233
  Other	1,399
  • Underground Coal Mines	118
  • Electrical Equipment Production & Use	127
  • Electronics Manufacturing	53
  • Other Combustion	1,101

  ¹ Totals sum to more than 7,879 because facilities whose activities fall within more than one sector are counted multiple times.

• Reported Emissions

  In 2013, 3.18 billion metric tons CO₂e were reported by direct emitters. The largest emitting sector was the Power Plant Sector with 2.1 billion metric tons CO₂e, followed by the Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems Sector with 224 million metric tons (MMT) CO₂e and the Petroleum Refinery Sector with 177 MMT CO₂e. This information, as well as average emissions per reporter, is shown in the following chart.

  Figure 2: Direct GHG Emissions Reported by Sector (2013)

  

  View this information in FLIGHT.

• Emissions Trends

  National level trends in greenhouse gas emissions are available through the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. The Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program is different from the U.S. GHG Inventory in that it collects information from the largest stationary sources in the U.S. and provides nearly complete emissions coverage for many of the largest emitting industries. Trends in emissions reported for individual industries are discussed in the industry-specific reports.

  Total U.S. emissions decreased by 3.4% from 2011 to 2012, based on the U.S. GHG Inventory. Between 2011 and 2012, emissions reported to the GHGRP declined by 4.5% (Table 4). This decline was driven by a 4.7% decline in emissions from power plants.

  The U.S. GHG Inventory is not yet available for 2013. For sources reporting to the GHGRP, emissions increased by 0.62% from 2012 to 2013; this increase was driven by a similar increase in power plant emissions. Over the past three reporting years (2011-2013), GHGRP reported emissions have declined by 3.9%. This decline is caused primarily by a 5.4% decline in reported emissions by power plants. Since 2010, emissions from power plants have decreased by 9.8%.

  Table 4: Emissions Trends for U.S. GHG Inventory and GHGRP (2011-2013)
  	2011	2012	2013
  U.S. GHG Inventory
  Total emissions (million metric tons CO2e)	6,753	6,525.6	Not available
  Percent change in emissions from previous year	-1.77%	-3.37%	Not available
  GHGRP
  Number of direct-emitting facilities	7,592	7,808	7,879
  Direct emissions (million metric tons CO2e)	3,314.2	3,164.8	3,184.3
  Percent change in emissions from previous year	—	-4.5%	0.6%

  Table 5: Emission Trends by Sector (2011-2013)
  Sector	2011 Emissions (MMT CO2e)	2012 Emissions (MMT CO2e)1	2013 Emissions (MMT CO2e)
  Power Plants	2,221.3	2,088.1	2,100.9
  Oil & Gas	223.1	226.4	224.1
  Refineries	178.3	174.0	176.7
  Chemicals	179.2	170.9	174.6
  • Fluorinated Chemicals	15.7	12.4	13.5
  • Non-fluorinated Chemicals	163.5	158.5	161.1
  Waste	115.4	118.5	114.0
  Metals	112.8	106.9	106.8
  Minerals	103.2	107.5	111.3
  Pulp & Paper	44.2	42.5	39.1
  Other	136.8	130.0	136.9
  • Underground Coal Mines	37.1	34.0	41.5
  • Electrical Equipment Production & Use	4.3	3.5	3.5
  • Electronics Manufacturing	6.1	5.6	4.5
  • Other Combustion	89.3	86.9	87.4

  Figure 3: Trends in Direct GHG Emissions (2011-2013)

  

  View this information in FLIGHT.

  (1) Non-fluorinated Chemicals and Fluorinated Chemicals are components of “Chemicals” in FLIGHT.
  (2) Other Combustion, Underground Coal Mines, Electronics Manufacturing and Electrical Equipment Production & Use comprise “Other” in FLIGHT.

• Emissions by GHG

  Carbon dioxide is the GHG emitted in the largest quantities. The 2.9 billion metric tons of CO₂ reported for 2013 represent 91.4% of the GHGs reported in 2013.^a Methane emissions represent about 7% of reported 2013 GHG emissions, N₂O represents about 0.8%, and fluorinated gases (HFCs, PFCs, SF₆) represent about 0.7% (Figure 4).

  ^aThe Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions And Sinks for 2013 is not yet available. In 2012, CO₂ represented 54% of total U.S. GHG emissions.

  Figure 4: Direct Emissions by GHG (2013)

  

  The table below lists the primary sectors emitting each GHG.

  Table 6: Largest Sources of GHG Emissions
  Greenhouse Gas	Source Categories Contributing Most to Emissions1	Sectors Contributing Most to Emissions
  CO2	Electricity Generation (D), Stationary Combustion (C)	Power Plants
  CH4	Municipal Landfills (HH), Petroleum & Natural Gas Systems (W)	Waste, Petroleum & Natural Gas Systems
  N2O	Nitric Acid Production (V), Electricity Generation (D), Adipic Acid Production (E)	Chemicals, Power Plants
  SF6	SF6 from Electrical Equipment (DD), Magnesium Production (T)	Other, Metals
  NF3	Electronics Manufacturers (I)	Other
  HFCs	HCFC–22 Production and HFC–23 Destruction (O)	Chemicals
  PFCs	Aluminum Production (F), Electronics Manufacturers (I)	Metals, Other

  ¹ These source categories account for 75% or more of the reported emissions of the corresponding GHG. The subpart under which the emissions were reported is shown in parentheses.

• Geographic Distribution of Emissions

  Figure 5: Location and Total Reported Emissions from GHGRP Facilities (2013)

  

  This map shows the locations of direct-emitting facilities. The size of a circle corresponds to the quantity of emissions reported by that facility. There are also facilities located in Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Guam.

  

  

  

  

  Readers can identify facilities in their state, territory, county, or city by visiting FLIGHT.

  Because it generally applies to facilities that emit greater than 25,000 metric tons CO₂e per year, the GHGRP provides total reported emissions from large stationary sources in each state. Figure 6 shows the reported emissions in each state broken out by industrial sector.

  Figure 6: Direct GHG Emissions by State and Sector (2013)

  

  View this information in FLIGHT.

• Emissions Range

  The GHGRP provides a comprehensive dataset that can be used to determine the number of facilities at various emissions levels in many industry sectors. The GHGRP can also be used to determine the total GHG emissions from individual facilities, including emissions from fossil fuel combustion and other processes. This information is valuable for planning future policies. GHGRP data provide policy makers with a better understanding of the number of facilities and total emissions that would be covered by potential GHG reduction policies for various industries.

  Figure 7: Percentage of All Reporting Facilities at Various Emission Ranges (2013)

  

  Eighty percent of reporting facilities had emissions less than 250,000 metric tons CO₂e. In 2013, the 629 largest-emitting facilities—those emitting more than one million metric tons CO₂e—accounted for almost 2.3 billion metric tons CO₂e. These emissions represent 84.8% of the total 3.18 billion metric tons CO₂e reported. These high-emitting facilities are mainly Power Plants, but also include Petroleum Refineries and facilities in the Chemicals and Metals sectors.

  You can use FLIGHT to list and sort facilities based on total reported emissions and find the largest emitting facilities in the country or a specific state or county. This tool also allows you to sort facilities by specific industry types.

  Figure 8: Facility Emission Ranges (2012)

  

• GHGRP Calculation Methods Used

  The GHGRP prescribes methodologies that must be used to determine GHG emissions from each source category. Reporters generally have the flexibility to choose among several methods to compute GHG emissions. The decision of which method to use may be influenced by the existing environmental monitoring systems in place and other factors. Reporters can change emission calculation methods from year to year and within the same year, as long as they meet the requirements for use of the method selected.

  For additional information on the methodologies that reporters use to determine GHG emissions, please read the GHGRP Methodology Factsheet.

• Report Verification

  All reports submitted to EPA are evaluated by electronic validation and verification checks. If potential errors are identified, EPA will notify the reporter, who can resolve the issue either by providing an acceptable response describing why the flagged issue is not an error or by correcting the flagged issue and resubmitting their annual GHG report.

  For additional information describing EPA’s verification process in more details, please read the GHGRP Verification Factsheet.

• For More Information

  For more detailed information from each industrial sector, view the GHGRP Data Highlights and select an industry from the text box on the right hand side.

  Use FLIGHT to view maps of facility locations, obtain summary data for individual facilities, create customized searchers, and display search results graphically.

  Downloadable spreadsheets containing summary data reported to the GHGRP from each reporter are available on the Data Downloads page.

  All other publicly available data submitted to the GHGRP are available for download through Envirofacts.

  The U.S. Greenhouse Gas Inventory contains information on all sources of GHG emissions and sinks in the United States from 1990 to 2012.

  All GHG emissions data reflect the global warming potential (GWP) values from the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, Pachauri, R.K. and Reisinger, A. (eds)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 2007). The AR4 values also can be found in the current version of Table A-1 in subpart A of 40 CFR part 98.