Under the watchful eye of its manager, Harlin Hazzard, the Recycle City Hazardous Waste Center handles the treatment and disposal of waste that can harm people or the environment.
Put on your protective goggles and gloves and tour the Center with Harlin. That's him in the middle, pointing...
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Before you can accept, you must name the four characteristics that make hazardous waste hazardous.
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Household Hazardous Waste Drop-Off CenterHousehold hazardous wastes are leftovers from toxic products used at home. Since these wastes can be dangerous, they should never be thrown into the regular trash. Why? Certain kinds of waste can release toxic gases or explode when they are combined. They can contaminate septic tanks and wastewater treatment systems if they are poured down drains or toilets. And, they can be hazardous to small children and pets if left around the house. As part of his hazardous waste manager's job, Harlin runs a drop-off center where Recycle City residents can bring used household items such as cleansers, cleaning fluids, insect sprays, paint, batteries and battery acid, motor oil, or old medicines. He also provides information to residents on how to find safer alternatives. If residents bring unopened products or ones that are in good, reusable condition, Harlin puts them in a waste exchange bin. He gives them away for free to other residents who can use them.
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Hazardous waste comes in several forms: liquid, solid, or sludge, which is a combination of both. Most hazardous wastes that Harlin handles are produced as by-products of manufacturing.
Harlin considers waste to be hazardous if it is:
To help Recycle City businesses, Harlin keeps a list of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's recommended ways to prevent pollution from hazardous waste:
When hazardous materials are brought into the Hazardous Waste Center, Harlin makes sure they are carefully separated according to how they can be safely reused, treated, or disposed of. Then they're transferred to places that specialize in handling each type of hazardous waste.
Harlin sends oil-based paints, paint thinners, solvents, and tar for roofing to a licensed facility that blends them into a fuel.
These wastes can be burned as fuel because they contain petroleum-based chemicals. This fuel is shipped to companies that burn it in kilns used to manufacture cement. (These kilns must have special equipment to minimize air pollution.)
Neutralization is a way to combine a hazardous material with another substance to create a non-hazardous material.
Certain acids, non-flammable poisons, and other types of chemicals can be treated this way. Harlin ships these kinds of waste to a special treatment facility where this is done.
Aerosol cans, pesticides, certain acids, and some kinds of chemicals can be safely burned at high temperatures. At high heat, these materials usually change into a non-hazardous form. If the resulting ash is still hazardous, it is safely buried in the hazardous waste landfill.
Only about one percent of Recycle City's hazardous waste has to be buried in this special landfill, located about 20 miles outside of town. The landfill is carefully constructed with barriers to prevent the soil or groundwater from being contaminated. Liquid hazardous wastes are combined with other materials to make them solid, so they don't leak out.
Harlin collects motor oil, all kinds of batteries, and antifreeze, and sends them to other facilities to be recycled. Chemicals used in film photography contain silver, so Harlin sends those to a licensed recycling facility where the silver can be extracted and used again.
Almost all latex paint that is brought to the Center is remixed with a special electric mixer. Harlin sorts paints into off-white and other colors, and repackages them into five gallon pails. He then resells it or puts it in a waste exchange bin for reuse. People from around the city use the remixed paint to paint their homes or cover graffiti.
If hazardous waste is not properly disposed of in a landfill built especially to handle hazardous waste, it can leak into groundwater. Leaking is a big problem because the hazardous waste contaminates both the soil around the leak and the underground water.
If soil and water become contaminated by hazardous waste, it is very expensive to clean up. People have to actually "clean" the soil and water to make it safe again. That kind of cleaning is very expensive.
In the past, when people didn't handle hazardous waste properly and just dumped it (like they sometimes did in Dumptown years ago), some areas of the country became very. Some of this contamination continues to cause problems for nearby communities.
To help clean up hazardous waste sites in the United States, Congress created Superfund, a law that lets government find those responsible for creating the hazardous waste and make sure they clean it up. Superfund is also a name for the money that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency can use to clean up pollution from hazardous waste if they can't find who caused the contamination, or if those responsible don't have enough money to pay for the cleanup.
When hazardous materials are brought into the Hazardous Waste Center, Harlin makes sure they are carefully separated according to how they can be safely reused, treated, or disposed of. Then they're transferred to places that specialize in handling certain materials or treatment and disposal methods.
