Superfund Sites in Reuse in Ohio
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Allied Chemical & Ironton Coke
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Behr Dayton Thermal System VOC Plume
The Behr Dayton Thermal System VOC Plume Superfund site is located in Dayton, Ohio. Since 1937, operators have used the site to manufacture vehicle air conditioning and engine cooling systems. Site operations resulted in the contamination of groundwater beneath the site with volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which easily become vapors or gases. In 2006, Ohio EPA and U.S. EPA identified high levels of contaminated vapors in soils and homes above the groundwater plume. As a result, EPA installed vapor mitigation systems in over 100 residences above the plume. EPA added the site to the Superfund program’s National Priorities List (NPL) in 2009. EPA continues to investigate remaining contamination at the site. The site includes residential, commercial and industrial properties.
For more information:
- Behr Dayton VOC Plume, Dayton, OH - Reuse Framework (PDF) (34 pp, 11.5 MB, About PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
Bowers Landfill
Bowers Landfill
The creation of wetlands along the Scioto River in Circleville, Ohio, has transformed the 12-acre Bowers Landfill Superfund site into a haven for plants, birds, fish and animals. In 1958, the site served as a gravel quarry and later became a residential landfill until 1968. After 1968, unauthorized dumping of chemical and industrial wastes, large appliances and used tires occurred at the site. The dumping resulted in contamination of groundwater and the nearby Scioto River. In 1983, EPA placed the site on the Superfund program’s National Priorities List (NPL). EPA worked closely with Ohio EPA, the Ohio Division of Wildlife, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and area residents to design and carry out a cleanup plan that converted much of the site into wetlands. Cleanup activities included removing contaminated waste, capping and venting the landfill, and re-vegetating the landfill surface. After completing cleanup activities, EPA placed land use restrictions on the site property and removed the site from the NPL in 1997. The 7-acre wetland area in the Scioto River floodplain has helped prevent damage to the landfill cap by absorbing excess waters and releasing them slowly back into the environment. The site also provides new recreational opportunities, including hunting, fishing, canoeing and wildlife photography. Ohio EPA and the current site owner successfully worked together to update restrictions on the site to allow for the sale of the property. The site owner continues to use the property for recreational hunting and fishing.
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Dover Chemical Corp.
The 60-acre Dover Chemical Corp. Superfund site is located in Dover, Ohio. Since 1950, Dover Chemical has operated a manufacturing facility at the site. The chemical manufacturing facility produces components used to make lubricants, plasticizers and flame retardants for vinyl products. From the 1950s until the early 1970s improper chemical storage, spills and leaks at the site contaminated soil and groundwater. EPA proposed the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1993. Cleanup included removing contaminated soil as well as treating and containing groundwater. Groundwater extraction and treatment is ongoing. EPA and the site’s potentially responsible party are monitoring groundwater to better define the area of groundwater contamination. Manufacturing operations continue at the site.
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Feed Materials Production Center (USDOE)
The Feed Materials Production Center (USDOE) Superfund site is located in Fernald, Ohio, 18 miles northwest of Cincinnati. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) constructed and operated the facilities at the site. From 1951 to 1991, the site’s facilities produced high purity uranium metal in support of national defense programs. Operations included purifying a variety of feed materials, converting uranium compounds into uranium metal, casting the metal into various shapes and machining the castings. As a result, the primary contaminants at the site are radionuclides, including uranium, thorium and radium. Uranium processing operations led to contamination of the site’s soil, surface water and ground water. In 1986, DOE entered into a Federal Facilities Compliance Agreement with EPA that required site investigations. Operations at the site ended in 1989. The same year, EPA placed the site on the National Priorities List (NPL) and the site’s production mission formally ended as cleanup began. Between 1991 and 2006, EPA and DOE completed 30 removal actions at the site. Remedial techniques included excavation and off-site disposal of contaminated material, demolition of on-site structures, disposal and stabilization of materials with cement, and ground water extraction and treatment. Parties completed cleanup activities in 2006; however, ground water treatment is ongoing. DOE issued a draft Natural Resources Restoration Plan for the site and an Environmental Assessment on the Final Land Use of the Fernald Closure Project in 1998. Restoration began during the cleanup process. Integration of remedial actions with environmental restoration projects resulted in an innovative and cost-effective cleanup. The restoration transformed the site into a publicly accessible ecological preserve. Wetlands, prairie and forest ecosystems provide valuable wildlife habitat and educational exhibits help tell the story of the site’s history, cleanup and ongoing restoration. DOE restoration activities have restored more than 900 acres for ecological use and public access on 7.4 miles of walking trails. The site also houses a recently renovated Visitors Center, which achieved the U.S. Green Building Council’s certification for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). The Visitors Center provides educational opportunities for the public to learn about former site operations, contamination, remediation and restoration, and long-term surveillance and maintenance at the site.
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Fields Brook
The Fields Brook Superfund site is a 6-square mile watershed of a brook located in Ashtabula, Ohio. Since 1940, up to 19 separate facilities have operated in the watershed of Fields Brook. Facility operations range from metal fabrication to chemical production. Facility operations resulted in the contamination of surface water, soil and sediment of the watershed. EPA added the site to the Superfund program’s National Priorities List (NPL) in 1983. Cleanup activities included the removal of contaminated sediment and flood plain soil from Fields Brook. Soil, sediment and waste is treated or contained in on site landfills. Cleanup activities also include groundwater extraction and land use controls. Industrial facilities ranging from metal fabrication to chemical production continue to operate on site.
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Industrial Excess Landfill
The 30-acre Industrial Excess Landfill Superfund site is located in Stark County, Ohio. Prior to 1966, sand and gravel mining operations took place at the site. From 1966 until 1980, the mining and excavation pits served as a landfill. The landfill received industrial wastes from nearby rubber industries, hospital wastes, septic tank wastes from cleaning firms and general municipal wastes. In 1984, site investigations identified contamination in groundwater at the site. EPA placed the site on the Superfund program’s National Priorities List (NPL) in 1986. To contain landfill contamination, cleanup involved construction of a methane gas venting system and a vegetative cover over the landfill. Installed air strippers remove contaminants from residential drinking water wells and connections to the public water supply deliver safe drinking water to affected homes. Groundwater monitoring is ongoing. In 2004, the site’s potentially responsible parties (PRPs) planted almost 8,500 trees and shrubs at the site as part of the vegetative cover. This will provide a stable, protective soil covering and foster development of a diverse wildlife population. The PRPs also removed invasive species and installed kestrel nest boxes, bluebird boxes and bat boxes to attract wildlife back to the site. Site stakeholders have discussed potential future recreational reuse at the site.
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Miami County Incinerator
The 65-acre Miami County Incinerator Superfund site is located in Miami County, Ohio. In 1968, an incinerator and several landfills opened at the site to handle municipal and industrial wastes. In 1978, the landfills closed, and the site converted to a solid waste transfer station. Improper waste disposal practices contaminated groundwater, soil and sediment. Groundwater contamination threatened the sole source aquifer for the surrounding population. EPA placed the site on the Superfund program’s National Priorities List (NPL) in 1984. The site’s potentially responsible parties (PRPs) connected impacted residents to the public water supply between 1989 and 1990. The PRPs constructed an impermeable cap, a soil vapor extraction (SVE) system and a groundwater extraction and treatment system. The SVE system operated until 2000. Groundwater extraction and treatment is ongoing at the site. Miami County currently owns the site. The County operates several county entities on site. In addition to the solid waste transfer station, the site is now home to the county sheriff's office, a prison, a juvenile detention center and the county engineering offices.
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South Dayton Dump & Landfill
The 80-acre South Dayton Dump & Landfill Superfund site is a former industrial landfill in Moraine, Ohio. From 1941 until 1996, the landfill accepted drums, metal turnings, fly ash and other industrial and burned combustible wastes. These activities resulted in the contamination of groundwater and soil. EPA proposed the site to the Superfund program’s National Priorities List (NPL) in 2004. EPA is working with the potentially responsible parties (PRPs) to conduct the remedial investigation and design a cleanup plan for the site. The PRPs are also continuing to address vapor intrusion in some on-site buildings. Currently, commercial and industrial activities continue on a 40-acre area of the landfill. In addition, the Miami Conservancy District owns a floodway in the southern part of the site.
For more information:
- South Dayton Dump and Landfill, Moraine, OH - Situation Assessment (PDF) (15 pp, 836 K, About PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
South Point Plant
South Point PlantThe 610-acre South Point Plant Superfund site is located in the Village of South Point, Ohio. From the 1940s until the late 1990s, manufacturing facilities at the site produced explosives, industrial chemicals and fuels. Spills and waste handling practices contributed to the contamination of site groundwater and soils. EPA added the site to the Superfund program’s National Priorities List (NPL) in 1984. Cleanup activities included soil removal, groundwater treatment as well as land use and groundwater use restrictions. Through collaboration with the Lawrence Economic Development Corporation (LEDC) and local governments, EPA supported redevelopment of the site. LEDC used an EPA awarded grant to evaluate how cleanup at the site could support reuse. In 2004, EPA issued the site the first Ready for Reuse Determination in the Midwest. After the successful cleanup of the site, The Point Business Park opened for business in 2001. Today, The Point hosts 21 businesses and offers employment opportunities to the local community. Future plans for The Point include additional tenants, expanded facilities and construction of an intermodal facility to serve as a vital road, rail and river transportation resource for the region. Portions of the site are also leased for agricultural use.
For more information:
- South Point Plant Ready for Reuse Determination (2004) (PDF) (36 pp, 2.5 MB, About PDF)
- Cleanup and Industrial Revitalization in the Tri-State Region: The South Point Plant Superfund Site and Lawrence County, Ohio (PDF) (14 pp, 4.3 MB)
- Reuse and the Benefit to Community: South Point Plant Case Study (Updated 2014) (PDF) (15 pp, 1.1 MB)
- South Point Plant Reuse Case Study (PDF) (14 pp, 4.4 MB)
- Redevelopment of the South Point Plant Superfund Site (PDF)(1 pg, 79 K)
- South Point Plant, South Point, OH - Reuse Plan (PDF) (67 pp, 1.6 MB)
- Video: South Point Plant: Ready for Reuse and Open for Business Exit
- Superfund Site Profile Page
TRW, Inc. (Minerva Plant)
The 135-acre TRW, Inc. (Minerva Plant) Superfund site is located in a rural area of Minerva, Ohio. TRW, Inc. operated a manufacturing plant at the site that produced aircraft components until 1986 when TRW, Inc. sold the site to PCC Airfoils. Use of chemicals, waste handling and disposal practices resulted in contamination of soil, sediment and groundwater. Cleanup activities included removal of contaminated soil and sediment and construction of a groundwater treatment system. The groundwater treatment system has continued to operate since 1986. Today, PCC Airfoils, a manufacturer of parts for the aerospace industry, maintains ownership of the site.
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Valley Pike VOCs
The Valley Pike Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) site is located in Riverside, Ohio. The Mullins Tire and Rubber Company (MRP) began operations on site in 1942. As part of the manufacturing process, MRP used VOCs to degrease metal parts. As a result, groundwater, soil and indoor air were contaminated by VOCs. The Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (OEPA) and EPA investigated the site and responded to site contamination. OEPA and EPA sampled 400 residences for vapor intrusion and 91 residences were found to exceed the Ohio Department of Health screening level. EPA’s removal program installed vapor abatement mitigation systems at 90 homes to date. In January 2016, MRP agreed to conduct further evaluation and mitigation of residential vapor intrusion and conduct a source removal action. EPA proposed the site to the Superfund program’s National Priorities List (NPL) in April 2016. The impacted area includes a residential neighborhood of about 500 homes.
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Zanesville Well Field
The 28-acre Zanesville Well Field Superfund site is located on the east and west banks of the Muskingum River in Zanesville, Ohio. From 1893 to 1991, varied manufacturing facilities operated on site. Waste handling and disposal practices on site resulted in groundwater, soil and debris contamination at the site. EPA added the site to the Superfund program’s National Priorities List (NPL) in 1983. Cleanup activities included groundwater extraction and treatment, soil vapor extraction and soil removal. In 2008, a new company purchased the property. The firm does not operate at the site, but leases space in existing on-site buildings to other businesses. Several businesses have moved into existing site buildings since 2009, including a sign fabrication company and a lawn care company. The Jaycee Riverside Park is also within the site area.
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