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October 2012
Outdoor Water Use
5.1
Introduction to Outdoor Water Use............................................................................... 5-2
5.2
Landscaping............................................................................................................................ 5-4
5.3
Irrigation.................................................................................................................................5-11
5.4
Commercial Pool and Spa Equipment.........................................................................5-20
5.5
Vehicle Washing...................................................................................................................5-29
Mechanical Systems
6.1
Introduction to Mechanical Systems............................................................................. 6-2
6.2
Single-Pass Cooling.............................................................................................................. 6-4
6.3
Cooling Towers....................................................................................................................... 6-8
6.4
ChilledWater Systems.......................................................................................................6-18
6.5
Boiler and Steam Systems................................................................................................6-25
Laboratory and Medical Equipment
7.1
Introduction to Laboratory and Medical Equipment............................................... 7-2
7.2
Water Purification.................................................................................................................. 7-4
7.3
Vacuum Pumps....................................................................................................................7-10
7.4
Steam Sterilizers..................................................................................................................7-16
7.5
Glassware Washers..............................................................................................................7-24
7.6
Fume Hood Filtration andWash-Down Systems.....................................................7-27
7.7
VivariumWashing andWatering Systems..................................................................7-33
7.8
Photographic and X-Ray Equipment. ..........................................................................7-38
Onsite Alternative Water Sources..................................................... 8-1
Resources........................................................................................... 9-1
Appendix A: Case Studies Demonstrating
Best Management Practices in Action.............................................. A-1
A.1 Introduction to Case Studies. ...........................................................................................A-2
A.2 Federal Agency Implements ComprehensiveWater Management Strategy.......A-3
A.3 Hotel Installs Water-Efficient Sanitary Fixtures...........................................................A-6
A.4 Restaurants Install Water-Efficient Commercial Kitchen Equipment.................A-9
A.5 Office Complex Reduces Outdoor Water Use.......................................................... A-13
A.6 Laboratory Eliminates Single-Pass Cooling............................................................. A-15
A.7 Hospital Installs Water-Efficient Laboratory and Medical Equipment ........... A-18
A.8 University Makes the Most of Onsite Alternative Water Sources...................... A-22
Appendix B: Sample Worksheets for Water
Management Planning...................................................................... B-1
Table B-1. Building Water Survey Worksheet....................................................................... B-3
Table B-2. List of Water Meters Worksheet............................................................................ B-4
Table B-3. Water Consumption History Worksheet............................................................ B-5
Table B-4. Existing Plumbing Equipment Worksheet........................................................ B-6
Table B-5. Water Use Inventory Worksheet........................................................................... B-7
