8-4
October 2012
Table 8-2. Types of Available Treatment Based on Intended End Use Quality Needs*
Possible
Sources
Filtration Sedimentation Disinfection
Biological
Treatment
Other
Treatment
Considerations
Rainwater
Depends
Depends
Depends
No
May be used for
irrigation without
additional treatment
Stormwater
Yes
Depends
Depends
Depends
For non-potable use
only
Air Handling
Condensate
No
No
Yes
No
Segregate coil cleaning
water
Cooling Tower
Blowdown
Depends
Depends
No
No
Consider TDS
monitoring
Reverse
Osmosis and
Nanofiltration
Reject Water
No
No
No
No
Consider TDS
monitoring
Gray Water
No
Depends
No
Depends
Biologically unstable
for long periods of
storage unless treated;
subsurface drip
irrigation requires the
least treatment
Foundation
Drain Water
Depends
No
Depends
No
May be hard if in alkaline
soils
*
Key
Yes: Level of treatment likely needed
No: Level of treatment not likely needed
Depends: Treatment depends upon ultimate use
See Figure 8-1 for an example of a facility capturing and using various onsite alterna-
tive water sources.
Note: This section concentrates on onsite water sources that might be used or re-
used. This is in no way intended to diminish the significant potential that the reuse of
reclaimed water from municipal wastewater treatment facilities has to help reduce
potable water use. Municipally supplied reclaimed water should always be consid-
ered for appropriate uses where available.
8.
Onsite Alternative Water Sources
