Section 112(f)(2) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) directs the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to conduct risk assessments on each source category subject to maximum achievable control technology (MACT) standards and determine if additional standards are needed to reduce residual risks. This October 2011 document contains those risk assessments.

For more information on the rule, visit the regulation page for Pulp and Paper Production (MACT I & III): National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for Source Categories.

• Inputs to the Pulp and Paper Industry October 2011 Residual Risk Modeling (PDF)(86 pp, 1 MB, November 11, 2011)