Substitutes for Coatings
You will need Adobe Reader to view some of the files on this page. See EPA’s About PDF page to learn more.Substitutes are reviewed on the basis of environmental and health risks, including factors such as ozone depletion potential, global warming potential, toxicity, flammability, and exposure potential. Lists of acceptableacceptableThis designation means that a substitute may be used, without restriction, to replace the relevant ODS within the end-use specified. For example, HCFC-22 is an acceptable substitute for R-502 in industrial process refrigeration. Note that all SNAP determinations apply to the use of a specific product as a substitute for a specific ODS in a specific end-use. and unacceptable
UnacceptableThis designation means that it is illegal to use a product as a substitute for an ODS in a specific end-use. For example, HCFC-141b is an unacceptable substitute for CFC-11 in building chillers. Note that all SNAP determinations apply to the use of a specific product as a substitute for a specific ODS in a specific end-use. substitutes are updated several times each year. The list of acceptable substitutes are shown below.
Note: SNAP-related information published in the Federal Register takes precedence over all information on this page.
Substitute | ODP![]() |
GWP![]() |
SNAP Listing Date | Comments | Use Conditions | Flammable |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alternative technologies (e.g., powder, hot melt, thermoplastic plasma spray, radiation-cured, moisture-cured, chemical-cured, and reactive liquid) | 0 | N/A | March 18, 1994 | N/A | ||
Benzotrifluoride | N/A | N/A | June 8, 1999 | Subject to a 100 ppm acceptable exposure limit (AEL). | yes | |
Chlorinated solvents (methylene chloride, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene) | N/A | N/A | March 18, 1994 | High inherent toxicity. Use only when necessary. OSHA and RCRA standards must be met. | N/A | |
Chlorobromomethane | 0.07 to 0.15 | N/A | April 28, 1999 | Unacceptable Substitute; Other alternatives exist with zero or much lower ODP. | no | |
HCFC-141b and blends thereof | >0 | N/A | July 20, 2015 | Unacceptable as of September 18, 2015. | no | |
HFE-7100 (C4F9OCH3) (methoxynonafluorobutane, iso and normal) | 0 | 297 | March 22, 2002 | no | ||
HFE-7200 (C5F9OCH3) | 0 | 59 | March 22, 2002 | no | ||
High-solid formulations | 0 | N/A | March 18, 1994 | N/A | ||
Methoxytridecafluoroheptene isomers (MPHE; Suprion™) | 0 | 2.5 | July 16, 2015 | no | ||
Monochlorotoluene / Benzotrifluorides | N/A | N/A | May 22, 1996 | The acceptable exposure limit (AEL) for benzotrifluorides is 100 ppm. | The workplace standard for monochlorotoluenes is based on an OSHA PEL of 50 ppm for orthochlorotoluene. | N/A |
Oxygenated solvents (Alcohols, Ketones, Ethers, and Esters) | 0 | N/A | March 18, 1994 | OSHA standards exist for many of these chemicals. Formulators should use chemicals with lowest toxicity, where possible. | yes | |
Petroleum Hydrocarbons | 0 | N/A | March 18, 1994 | OSHA standards exist for many of these chemicals. Formulators should use chemicals with lowest toxicity, where possible. | yes | |
Terpenes | 0 | N/A | March 18, 1994 | yes | ||
Trans-1,2-dichloroethylene | 0 | N/A | September 5, 1996 | The OSHA set exposure limit (PEL) is 200 ppm. | yes | |
Trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene (Solstice™ 1233zd(E)) | 0.00024 - 0.00034 | 4.7 - 7 | May 17, 2013 | Trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene's CAS Reg. No. is 102687-65-0. The manufacturer recommends an acceptable exposure limit (AEL) of 300 ppm (8-hr TWA) for trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene. Observe recommendations in the manufacturer’s MSDS and guidance for using this substitute. | no | |
Water-based formulations | 0 | N/A | March 18, 1994 | no |