Contaminant Candidate List (CCL) and Regulatory Determination

Microbial Contaminants - CCL 4

Microbial Contaminant Name	Type	Diseases and Infections
Adenovirus	Virus	Respiratory illness and occasionally gastrointestinal illness.
Caliciviruses	Virus (includes Norovirus)	Mild self-limiting gastrointestinal illness.
Campylobacter jejuni	Bacteria	Mild self-limiting gastrointestinal illness.
Enterovirus	Viruses including polioviruses, coxsackieviruses and echoviruses	Mild respiratory illness.
Escherichia coli (0157)	Bacteria	Gastrointestinal illness and kidney failure.
Helicobacter pylori	Bacteria	Found in the environment capable of colonizing human gut that can cause ulcers and cancer.
Hepatitis A virus	Virus	Liver disease and jaundice.
Legionella pneumophila	Bacteria	Found in the environment including hot water systems causing lung diseases when inhaled.
Mycobacterium avium	Bacteria	Lung infection in those with underlying lung disease, and disseminated infection in the severely immuno compromised.
Naegleria fowleri	Protozoan	Parasite found in shallow, warm surface and ground water causing primary amebic meningoencephalitis.
Salmonella enterica	Bacteria	Mild self-limiting gastrointestinal illness.
Shigella sonnei	Bacteria	Mild self-limiting gastrointestinal illness and bloody diarrhea.