Sector-based PM2.5 Benefit Per Ton Estimates
The tables below are updated versions of the tables appearing in Characterizing the PM2.5-related health benefits of emission reductions for 17 industrial, area and mobile emission sectors across the U.S. Exit(Fann, Baker and Fulcher 2012). All estimates are in 2010 dollars, reflect the use of a 3% discount rate, and are based on the Krewski et al. (2009) PM2.5 mortality risk estimate. The 2005 estimates are based on 2005 emissions and use population, baseline mortality incidence rate, and income growth projections for 2005. The 2016 estimates are based on 2016 projected emissions and use baseline mortality incidence rate projections for 2015, as this is the closest year for which we have data. The 2016 estimates use population and income growth projections for 2016.
The methodology is discussed more completely in the Technical Support Document Estimating the Benefit per Ton of Reducing PM2.5 Precursors from 17 Sectors, which includes values for 2016, 2020, 2025, and 2030.
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2005
| Sector | Direct PM | SO2 | NOx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aircraft, locomotives and marine vessels | 200,000 | 40,000 | 4,300 |
| Area sources | 260,000 | 33,000 | 4,700 |
| Cement kilns | 260,000 | 30,000 | 3,900 |
| Coke ovens | 420,000 | 35,000 | 5,200 |
| Electric arc furnaces | 360,000 | 61,000 | 5,300 |
| Electricity Generating Units | 100,000 | 26,000 | 3,600 |
| Ferroalloy facilities | 230,000 | 33,000 | 4,000 |
| Industrial point sources | 200,000 | 28,000 | 3,800 |
| Integrated iron and steel facilities | 430,000 | 62,000 | 6,900 |
| Iron and Steel | 420,000 | 340,000 | 10,000 |
| Non-road mobile sources | 210,000 | 23,000 | 4,500 |
| Ocean-going vessels | 93,000 | 28,000 | 1,300 |
| On-road mobile sources | 230,000 | 20,000 | 4,400 |
| Pulp and paper facilities | 110,000 | 30,000 | 2,400 |
| Refineries | 270,000 | 38,000 | 4,000 |
| Residential wood combustion | 280,000 | 86,000 | 8,400 |
| Taconite mines | 68,000 | 28,000 | 4,300 |
2016
| Sector | Direct PM | SO2 | NOx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aircraft, locomotives and marine vessels | 240,000 | 85,000 | 6,900 |
| Area sources | 320,000 | 48,000 | 7,500 |
| Cement kilns | 350,000 | 42,000 | 5,500 |
| Coke ovens | 450,000 | 50,000 | 10,000 |
| Electric arc furnaces | 420,000 | 78,000 | 9,500 |
| Electricity Generating Units | 130,000 | 35,000 | 5,200 |
| Ferroalloy facilities | 270,000 | 43,000 | 4,300 |
| Industrial point sources | 260,000 | 39,000 | 6,100 |
| Integrated iron and steel facilities | 480,000 | 85,000 | 13,000 |
| Iron and Steel | 490,000 | 400,000 | 16,000 |
| Non-road mobile sources | 300,000 | 43,000 | 6,600 |
| Ocean-going vessels | 45,000 | 12,000 | 1,800 |
| On-road mobile sources | 360,000 | 19,000 | 7,300 |
| Pulp and paper facilities | 150,000 | 44,000 | 3,600 |
| Refineries | 310,000 | 66,000 | 6,500 |
| Residential wood combustion | 360,000 | 97,000 | 13,000 |
| Taconite mines | 81,000 | 33,000 | 5,900 |